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Kohima is the hilly capital of India's north eastern border state of Nagaland which shares its borders with Burma.It lies in Kohima District and is also one of the three Nagaland towns with Municipal council status along with Dimapur and Mokokchung.Kohima is so called because "Kew Hi" is the name of a plant grown on the mountainside."Kew Hi Ma" means "the men of the land where the flower Kew Hi grows".Earlier, Kohima was known as "Thigoma".Kohima, is situated at an altitude of 4900 ft.Various exotic flowers along with a friendly weather make Kohima ideal place for tourists.Kohima occuppies a prominent place in the pages of history as important battles of world war II were fought on this side of India with British forces defeating the Japanese troops here.Kohima is situated in the eastern parts of the Himalayas and have a temperate climate all year round.The city splendor can be viewed from as far as 16 kms from the city and provides some breathtaking view on its way.
Kohima is home to people from various tribes of Nagaland that have come and settled in these parts to earn their bread and butter.The home of the brave and daring, yet simple and innocent, Naga tribes, Kohima Nagaland is unspoilt and replete with some attractive sites to see and do.Sheltered in the eastern frontiers of the Himalayan mountain range, Kohima in Nagaland is noted for its unhurried pace of life, calm and serene environs and fresh, unpolluted air, which make a welcome change for a exhausted city sniffers.It is a land of fascinating folklore, passed down the generations, through word of mouth.Each of the 16 odd tribes and sub-tribes, that dwell in this exotic hill state, can be easily distinguished by the colourful and intricately designed costumes, jewellery and beads, peculiar to each.The present generation of the Nagas has also ventured into fashion designing in a big way.
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Image Gallery
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Kohima an ariel view
Kohima an ariel view
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Kohima War Cemetery
Kohima War Cemetery
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Daily market, Kohima
Daily market, Kohima
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Kohima at night
Kohima at night
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Kohima War Cemetery
Kohima War Cemetery
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History of Kohima city
The British incursions into the Naga territory beginning in the 1840s met with stiff resistance from the independence loving Nagas who had never been conquered by any empire before.The stiffness of the resistance can be gauged by the fact that it took nearly four decades for the British to conquer a territory that is less than 10,000 square kilometres.In 1944 during World War II the Battle of Kohima along with the simultaneous Battle of Imphal was the turning point in the Burma Campaign.For the first time in South-East Asia the Japanese lost the initiative to the Allies which they then retained until the end of the war.This hand-to-hand battle and slaughter prevented the Japanese from gaining a high base from which they might next roll across the extensive flatlands of India like a juggernaut.Kohima has a large cemetery for the Allied war dead maintained by the Commonwealth Graves Commission.
Kohima was the first seat of modern administration as the Headquarter of Naga Hills District then under Assam with the appointment of G.H. Damant as Political Officer in 1879. When Nagaland became a full fledged state on 1st December 1963, Kohima was christened as the state capital.
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Geography and Climate of Kohima city
Kohima is located at 25.67° N 94.12° E.It has an average elevation of 1261 metres or 4137 feet.Kohima has a pleasant and moderate climate - not too cold in winters and pleasant summers.December and January are the coldest months when frost occurs and in the higher altitudes snowfall occurs occasionally.In summer temperature ranges from 31 °C to 16 °C and in winter it ranges from 20 °C to 4 °C or lesser.Heavy rainfall occurs during summer.
As of 2001 India census,Kohima had a population of 78,584.Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%.Kohima has an average literacy rate of 75%, higher than the national average of 59.5%, male literacy is 79%, and female literacy is 70%. In Kohima, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.
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Economy of Kohima city
Agriculture is the chief mode of occupation.A major percentage of the population is related with the agricultural activities.It produces a considerable amount of rice and this in general plays an important role in the economy of the state.A remarkable feature of economy, is that there are no landlords and there is no class of landless peasants.The village society is so organised that the basic requirement of food, clothing and shelter are guaranteed to all the members.The population as a whole, remain gainfully employed in productive activities and there is no surplus labour.Forests being an important source of revenue, measures have been initiated to develop them.
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Flora and Fauna of Kohima city
The variations in the altitude, latitude, climate and soil have given rise to a diversity of forest types, ranging from tropical evergreen to temperate evergreen and the coniferous.Bamboo groves are extensive everywhere. Among the common species, mention may be made of the Naga Bhe and plants such as Mesuaferrea, Careyaarbotrea and Fiscus Electica.On the hill slopes are found oak, chestnut, birch, magnolia, cherry, maple, laurel and fig.Pine trees are found at high altitude areas, varying from 3,000 to 4,000 ft. Wild vegetables, roots, fruits and tubers are found in abundance.
Fauna includes elephants, tigers, barking deer and sambar.Monkeys, jackals, wild buffaloes, wild pigs, bear and wild dogs are sparsely distributed through the Hills. Among the ritually most valued species is Mithun.Other common species are lizards, toads, monitors.
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